For the last five decades, a number of overflow stepped chutes were built because the staircase shape is conducive to reduced construction costs and increased rate of energy dissipation. The stepped chute operations are characterised by air‐water flows that are highly turbulent flows with a large rate of energy dissipation, in comparison to smooth chutes. Herein, physical measurements were performed in a large‐size 1 V: 0.80H...

In high-velocity free-surface flows, the interactions between the fast-flowing flow and the atmosphere can lead to strong air–water mixing through the free-surface. The flow resistance may be derived from momentum and energy considerations. This was undertaken through some theoretical development based upon an extension of traditional integral approaches to air–water flows, with the re-analyses of detailed air–water measuremen...

During the recent decades, a number of overflow embankment protection systems were implemented. One design is the Minimum Energy Loss (MEL) weir, developed to pass large flood events with minimum energy loss and low erosion. Several MEL weirs have successfully operated for decades in Australian catchments affected by heavy tropical and sub-tropical rainfalls with very flat gradients. Their historical performances are discussed...

Hydraulic jumps are commonly employed as energy dissipators to guarantee long-term operation of hydraulic structures. A comprehensive and in-depth understanding of their main features is therefore fundamental. In this context, the current study focused on hydraulic jumps with low Froude numbers, i.e. Fr 1 = 2.1 and 2.4, at relatively high Reynolds number: Re ~2 × 10 5 . Experimental tests employed a combination of dual-tip pha...

In this study, the problem of surface waves induced by water flow in a flow channel was investigated. The mathematical model based on the potential wave theory was established, and a new analytic solution to the corresponding initial and boundary value problem was proposed. To confirm our analytic solution, the mathematical model was applied to simulate experiments conducted in a flow channel in the laboratory. Using our analy...