Promoting swimming in aquaculture has been proposed to enhance fish welfare. This study investigated the effects of 6 h of swimming on stress, immune, metabolic, and antioxidant status of juvenile rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ). Fish ( n = 8) were individually subjected to one of four experimental conditions: minimal water flow (control, < 0.1 body-lengths (BL)·s⁻ 1 ); low-speed (L, 0.8 BL·s⁻ 1 ); high-speed (H, 2.3 BL·...

Suitable swimming conditions can improve the growth and welfare of farmed fish. This study investigated how swimming affects immune and oxidative responses in European seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ), an important farmed fish species in Southern Europe. Thirty-two specimens were assigned into four experimental groups with the following conditions for 6 h: steady low (L, 0.8 body lengths (BL)⋅s −1 ); steady high (H, 2.2 BL⋅s −...

The Almonte-Marismas aquifer, southwestern Spain, is a critical ecohydrogeological system that features extensive groundwater monitoring. This study investigates the utility of gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) satellite data, specifically obtained from the global land data assimilation system (GLDAS) version 2.2, for assessing groundwater storage variations in the Almonte-Marismas aquifer. The presented research...

Acreman et al. (Wetlands 42:63, 2022) reviewed evidence for ecological damage to the Doñana wetlands (UNESCO World Heritage Site [WHS] and Ramsar site), Spain, associated with intensification of groundwater use, particularly for agriculture. Acreman et al. presented a multistep methodology for evidence-based risk assessment that involves identification of conservation issues, and a systematic review of scientific evidence for...