Extreme climatic events are increasing in frequency and intensity in the sub-arctic, a rapidly warming region crucial to global carbon–climate feedbacks. Ecosystem carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes can be greatly impacted by extreme events through both immediate and long-term legacy effects. As event intervals shorten, new extremes may coincide with incomplete recovery from previous ones; yet the consequences of multiple events re...

In 2023, more than half of olive harvests ( Olea europaea ) across Spain, Greece, and Türkiye were lost to drought. The same year late freeze destroyed 90% of the peach crop ( Prunus persica ) on the Georgia Piedmont and the apple crop ( Malus domestica ) in central New York, Vermont, and southern Quebec. Climate extremes now rank with the costliest threats to agriculture, but their role in forest recovery from diebacks that a...

Fine volcanic ash can have an adverse health impact. It is readily produced during explosive eruptions but also can be generated in large quantities by secondary processes. We evaluated the production and resuspension of sub-10 μm volcanic particulate matter (PM 10 ) by road traffic as these processes may generate an increased respiratory exposure hazard. We conducted experiments on the slopes of Etna volcano, where we drove w...

Metagenomics has become a standard technique for studying natural microbial communities, yet it cannot directly reveal microbial activity. Recent advances show that combining metagenomics with metaproteomics enables the identification of active community processes. Here, we highlight how metaproteomics can uncover key and keystone organisms, as well as provide constraints for predicting the lifestyles of both microbes and viru...

Drought events are increasing in frequency and intensity due to climate change, causing lasting impacts on plant communities and ecosystem functioning. In the sub‐arctic, climate is changing at a rate above the global average with amplifying effects on the carbon cycle. Drought‐induced shifts in the balance between productivity and respiration might have important implications for climate change feedbacks in these regions. How...

Recovery methods, such as thermal interventions, have been developed to promote optimal recovery and maximize long-term training adaptations. However, the beneficial effects of these recovery strategies remain a source of controversy. This narrative review aims to provide a detailed understanding of how cold and heat interventions impact long-term training adaptations. Emphasis is placed on skeletal muscle adaptations, particu...