J.M. Webster results 128
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Standardized microhaplotype databases and frameworks for assessing and mining crop genetic diversityNARA Subscribed
Keymessage Standardized microhaplotype databases for eight diverse crops enable multiallelic analyses, comparative genetics, and breeding decisions. Abstract Microhaplotypes are short genomic segments that contain multiple tightly linked variants, providing multi-allelic data that can enhance genetic resolution compared to traditional biallelic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Here, we present the creation and uti...
Millennial-scale reef assemblage shifts in the Spermonde Archipelago, Makassar Strait, IndonesiaNARA Subscribed
The Coral Triangle is the region in the Indo-Pacific with the highest diversity of reef organisms. Coral reefs here have experienced increased anthropogenic stressors since the late 1970s due to destructive fishing, land reclamation, industrialization, and agriculture. Biological observations in the Spermonde Archipelago (SW Sulawesi, Indonesia) started only after large-scale disturbances had begun limiting insights into long-...
Effective conservation and enforcement strategies for marine turtles depend on understanding population structure, connectivity, and the geographic origins of turtles impacted by threats such as bycatch, overexploitation, and illegal trade. However, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data remain fragmented across studies, with inconsistent sequence lengths, haplotype nomenclature, and metadata standards limiting their application in co...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Weedy rice is a close relative of cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa ) that infests rice fields worldwide and drastically reduces yields. To combat this agricultural pest, rice farmers in the southern US began to grow herbicide‐resistant (HR) rice cultivars in the early 2000s, which permitted the application of herbicides that selectively targeted weedy rice without harming the crop. The widespread adoption of HR rice coincided wi...
Global Patterns and Drivers of Seagrass Biomass, Net Primary Production and Meadow StructureNARA Subscribed
Aim We decipher global patterns in seagrass growth and structure to advance seagrass science, facilitate multidisciplinary research, and promote effective management strategies and policy development for seagrass habitats. Location: Global. Time period: 1975 to 2024. Major taxa studied: Seagrasses—marine angiosperms. Methods A global data set on seagrass total biomass, total net primary productivity (NPP), shoot density, and p...
Incorporating buccal mass planar mechanics and anatomical features improves neuromechanical modeling of Aplysia feeding behaviorNARA Subscribed
To understand how behaviors arise in animals, it is necessary to investigate both the neural circuits and the biomechanics of the periphery. A tractable model system for studying multifunctional control is the feeding apparatus of the marine mollusk Aplysia californica . Previous in silico and in roboto models have investigated how the nervous and muscular systems interact in this system. However, these models are still limite...
Mixed‐Species Fish Shoals: Any Port in a Storm?NARA Subscribed
Mixed‐species fish shoals are common, and form for a variety of reasons. We suggest that short term mixed‐species shoals, that persist for minutes or hours, might form because lone individuals (or small groups) of one species might benefit from joining larger groups of heterospecifics to reduce predation risk. We carried out a literature survey, which revealed that mixed‐species groups seldom contain equal numbers of species;...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group‐level processes such as subgroup formation and fission–fusion dynamics. Although critical to animal sociality, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing coh...
Defining an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome: International Consensus StatementNARA Subscribed
Around the world, individuals are living longer, but an increased average lifespan does not always equate to an increased health span. With advancing age, the increased prevalence of ageing-related diseases can have a significant impact on health status, functional capacity and quality of life. It is therefore vital to develop comprehensive classification and staging systems for ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndrom...
Morphology, internal structure, and in situ facies distribution of mesophotic Halimeda bioherms from the Queensland Plateau (NE Australia) are presented based on hydroacoustic and oceanographic data, seafloor observations, and discrete sediment sampling carried out during RV SONNE cruise SO292 in 2022. Halimeda buildups consist of cone-like mounds up to 500 m in diameter and 3–10 m high, with gentle slopes (2°–5° on the top of...