James J. Butler results 34
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Genetic control of stem elongation in common bean and the influence of age and flowering timeNARA Subscribed
Key message Genetic analysis of stem elongation in common bean identified loci acting at different developmental stages and reveals interactions with flowering time. Abstract Stem internode elongation is a major determinant of growth habit and plant height, and is often responsive to environmental signals, making it an integral component of plant architecture and a core characteristic targeted for crop improvement. More effect...
Phenology and yield do not scale from single row to whole plot in chickpea and lentilNARA Subscribed
Reliable phenotyping is critical for pre-breeding and breeding. Some traits such as herbicide tolerance are more likely to scale from plant to crop than others such as yield. Here we compared phenology, yield and its components in two arrangements—single rows and whole plots—for 10 chickpea and 10 lentil cultivars in 11 (chickpea) and 10 (lentil) Australian environments resulting from the combination of location, season, and s...
Freshwater ecosystems and their biota are under increasing pressure from anthropogenic stressors. In response to declining fish stocks, hatchery and stocking programmes are widely implemented as core components of restoration and management strategies, with positive outcomes for some wild populations. Despite this, stocking remains contentious due to potential genetic and ecological risks to wild populations. Monitoring and ev...
Cigarette smoking and prostate cancer aggressiveness among African and European American menNARA Subscribed
Purpose Smoking is a modifiable lifestyle factor that has not been established as a prostate cancer risk factor, nor emphasized in prostate cancer prevention. Studies have shown that African American (AA) smokers have a poorer cancer prognosis than European Americans (EAs), while having a lower prevalence of heavy smoking. We examined the relationship between cigarette smoking and prostate cancer aggressiveness and assessed ra...
Common, low-frequency, rare, and ultra-rare coding variants contribute to COVID-19 severityNARA Subscribed
The combined impact of common and rare exonic variants in COVID-19 host genetics is currently insufficiently understood. Here, common and rare variants from whole-exome sequencing data of about 4000 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals were used to define an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting COVID-19 severity. First, variants were converted into separate sets of Boolean features, depending on the absence or the pr...
Functional traits driving species role in the structure of terrestrial vertebrate scavenger networksNARA Subscribed
Species assemblages often have a non‐random nested organization, which in vertebrate scavenger (carrion‐consuming) assemblages is thought to be driven by facilitation in competitive environments. However, not all scavenger species play the same role in maintaining assemblage structure, as some species are obligate scavengers (i.e., vultures) and others are facultative, scavenging opportunistically. We used a database with 177...
Scavenging in the Anthropocene: Human impact drives vertebrate scavenger species richness at a global scaleNARA Subscribed
Understanding the distribution of biodiversity across the Earth is one of the most challenging questions in biology. Much research has been directed at explaining the species latitudinal pattern showing that communities are richer in tropical areas; however, despite decades of research, a general consensus has not yet emerged. In addition, global biodiversity patterns are being rapidly altered by human activities. Here, we aim...
The stoichiometric legacy of fire regime regulates the roles of micro‐organisms and invertebrates in decompositionNARA Subscribed
Decadal‐scale increases in fire frequency have the potential to deplete ecosystems of essential nutrients and consequently impede nutrient‐limited biological processes via stoichiometric imbalance. Decomposition, a fundamental ecosystem function and strong driver of future fire occurrence, is highly sensitive to nutrient availability and is, therefore, particularly important in this context. Here we show that 40 yr of quadrenn...
The phosphorus‐rich signature of fire in the soil–plant system: a global meta‐analysisNARA Subscribed
The biogeochemical and stoichiometric signature of vegetation fire may influence post‐fire ecosystem characteristics and the evolution of plant ‘fire traits’. Phosphorus (P), a potentially limiting nutrient in many fire‐prone environments, might be particularly important in this context; however, the effects of fire on P cycling often vary widely. We conducted a global‐scale meta‐analysis using data from 174 soil studies and 3...