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Fishers' Local Ecological Knowledge Reveals Complex Food Web Dynamics With Rapidly Warming WatersNARA Subscribed
Local ecological knowledge (LEK) can provide insight into ecosystem change, particularly in dynamic ecological conditions, such as those driven by climate change. In New England lobster fisheries, warming waters have the potential to disrupt food webs, as range‐shifting species introduce novel ecological interactions. Here we use interviews with lobster fishers in Maine and Massachusetts to understand lobster fishers' LEK of d...
Assessing how restoration can facilitate 30×30 goals for climate‐resilient coastal ecosystems in the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Ecosystems globally have reached critical tipping points because of climate change, urbanization, unsustainable resource consumption, and pollution. In response, international agreements have set targets for conserving 30% of global ecosystems and restoring 30% of degraded lands and waters by 2030 (30×30). In 2021, the United States set a target to jointly conserve and restore 30% of US lands and waters by 2030, with a specifi...
Multi‐endmember mixing and primary productivity drive carbonate system variability on a highly heterogeneous, shallow productive bankNARA Subscribed
This study presents the first high‐resolution spatial analysis of carbonate chemistry on Georges Bank, a highly productive shallow bank located at the southeastern edge of the Gulf of Maine. Despite numerous studies on the hydrography, nutrient chemistry, and biology, regional carbonate chemistry remains unexplored, in particular for near‐bottom conditions. Observations from cruises in May and October 2021 were used to identif...
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R packag...
Estimation of Nekton Density and Production Enhancement from Seagrass Nursery Habitats Along Regions of the U.S. Atlantic CoastNARA Subscribed
Seagrass beds are designated as essential fish habitat by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the regional fishery management councils due to their critical role as nurseries for nekton. Yet, they face significant threats globally and have suffered substantial declines in extent and habitat quality. Quantitative estimates of the degree to which seagrasses enhance nekton productivity can help inform c...
Anthropogenic CO 2 ‐emission is causing ocean warming and acidification. Understanding how basic physiological processes of marine organisms respond to these stressors is important for predicting their responses to future global change. We examined the effects of elevated pCO 2 and temperature (pCO 2 = 344–2199 ppm; temperature = 6°C, 9°C, and 12°C) on the calcification rate, extrapallial fluid (EPF) carbonate chemistry, respi...
Seagrasses, oyster reefs, and salt marshes are critical coastal habitats that support high densities of juvenile fish and invertebrates. Yet which species are enhanced through these nursery habitats, and to what degree, remains largely unquantified. Densities of young-of-year fish and invertebrates in seagrasses, oyster reefs, and salt marsh edges as well as in paired adjacent unstructured habitats of the northern Gulf of Mexi...
Regional environmental variation and local species interactions influence biogeographic structure on oyster reefsNARA Subscribed
Although species interactions are often assumed to be strongest at small spatial scales, they can interact with regional environmental factors to modify food web dynamics across biogeographic scales. The eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) is a widespread foundational species of both ecological and economic importance. The oyster and its associated assemblage of fish and macroinvertebrates is an ideal system to investigat...
Shifting perceptions of rapid temperature changes’ effects on marine fisheries, 1945–2017NARA Subscribed
Climate‐driven warming has both social and ecological effects on marine fisheries. While recent changes due to anthropogenic global warming have been documented, similar basin‐wide changes have occurred in the past due to natural temperature fluctuations. Here, we document the effects of rapidly changing water temperatures along the United States’ east coast using observations from fisheries newspapers during a warming phase (...
Global declines in oyster reefs have resulted in reduced habitat heterogeneity, extent and quality for some coastal finfish, potentially reducing fish populations and catches. It is well established that habitat restoration results in higher finfish biomass and diversity where oyster reefs replace bare substrata. Therefore, restoring oyster reefs with a view to also improving fish stocks is often a key goal of oyster restorati...
Competitive and agonistic interactions between the invasive Asian shore crab and juvenile American lobsterNARA Subscribed
Invasive species can have profound ecological and evolutionary impacts on native fauna, particularly those from overlapping guilds. Intraguild predation and competition often occur simultaneously, and ontogenetic shifts in competitive strength can dictate the magnitude and direction of species interactions. The recent introduction of the Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus to the Atlantic coast of North America has resulte...
Predators can influence prey traits and behavior (nonconsumptive effects [ NCEs ]), often with cascading effects for basal resources and ecosystem function. But critiques of NCE experiments suggest that their duration and design produce results that describe the potential importance of NCE s rather than their actual importance. In light of these critiques, we re‐evaluated a toadfish (predator), crab (prey), and oyster (resourc...
Prey often retreat into the safety of refuges for protection from predators. This shift into refuge can reduce foraging opportunities, escalating the costs of risk and the strength of nonconsumptive effects. Such costs, however, may be shaped by the variation in resources that refuges harbor for prey foraging (i.e., refuge quality), and change dynamically via impacts on prey state. Despite its potential importance, we lack an...