As climate change and air pollution problems become more serious around the world, regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are being tightened. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted measures to limit sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides generated by ships. Due to the continuous use of fossil fuels, carbon dioxide emissions are increasing rapidly, which is acting as a major cause of global warming and cl...

Purpose Infants born Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) face heightened risks for cognitive and language impairments. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying these deficits remain unclear. This study aimed to identify multimodal neuroimaging biomarkers associated with fetal growth restriction and to characterize network-level associations linking SGA to early neurodevelopmental vulnerability using a data-driven graph-based fram...

Foliar application of inorganic nutrients and organic acids can affect the metabolic profile of soybean leaves and enhance soybean productivity. In this study, we investigated whether foliar application of 12 inorganic nutrients [N, P, K (10 g L −1 each); Ca, Mg, B, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mo, Si (200 g L −1 each); Se (20 g L −1 )] and five organic acids [acetic, ascorbic, citric, formic, and malic acids (200 mM each)] could alter seconda...

HemoHIM is a functional food ingredient comprising a triple herbal combination of extracts from Angelica gigas Nakai, Cnidium officinale Makino, and Paeonia lactiflora Pallas. It was developed to aid the recovery of impaired immune function. Although it is widely used to treat various immune disorders in Korea, its potential toxicity has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, a comprehensive study was conducted to asses...

HemoHIM G is a functional food ingredient composed of a triple herbal combination of Angelica sinensis , Ligusticum chuanxiong , and Paeonia lactiflora , to improve impaired immune function. Considering the pharmacological benefits of its constituent herbal components, HemoHIM G is anticipated to have various health benefits; however, its toxicity has not been thoroughly evaluated. Here, we conducted a comprehensive study to a...

Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is associated with adverse pregnancy and neonatal health outcomes. To explore the mechanism, we performed mRNA sequencing of neonatal cord blood. From an ongoing prospective cohort, Air Pollution on Pregnancy Outcome (APPO) study, 454 pregnant women from six centers between January 2021 and June 2022 were recruited. Individual PM 2.5 exposure was calculated using a time-we...

We examined the association between exposure to PM 2.5 , focused on individual exposure level, and metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy. APPO study (Air Pollution on Pregnancy Outcome) was a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study conducted from January 2021 to March 2023. Individual PM 2.5 concentrations were calculated using a time-weighted average model. Metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy was assessed bas...

Some aspects of traditional aquaculture have negative impacts on the aquatic environment, leading to pollution and disease outbreaks in farmed organisms. Biofloc technology (BFT) is a closed aquaculture system that utilizes specific microbial communities to remove ammonia emitted from aquaculture organisms or adds carbon to the aquaculture system to improve water quality. BFT has benefits, such as increasing production and imp...