Oysters, as sessile organisms, are highly influenced by environmental conditions affecting their growth and reproduction. Therefore, unfavorable conditions can directly compromise the effectiveness of oyster reef restoration efforts. The study applied the dynamic energy budget (DEB) theory to model the growth of the Suminoe oyster (Crassostrea ariakensis) and estimated the model’s main parameters through linear and nonlinear r...

Diet form is increasingly recognized as a welfare-relevant factor in intensive aquaculture, yet the effects of feed cooking on fish behavioral and physiological welfare remain poorly characterized. Juvenile southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis; 6.18 ± 0.52 g) were reared for 6 weeks in an indoor recirculating aquaculture system and fed either raw grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) muscle (fish fed raw muscle, FR) or cooked...

The international seabed area (“the Area”) harbors abundant metal mineral resources that are critical to address global metal supply–demand and sustainable development. However, exploitation of mineral resources in the Area faces complex risks spanning politics, economy, technology, science, environment, society, industry, and law. No commercial-scale deep-sea mining operations have been conducted to date. Systematic risk iden...

The Sulu Sea has active internal tides (ITs) and basin-scale circulation. This study, for the first time, employs three-dimensional simulations to investigate the effects of the Sulu Sea circulation on IT generation and propagation. Results reveal that the cyclonic circulation can enhance the semi-diurnal and diurnal IT energy conversion in the Sulu Archipelago by approximately 17% and 77%, respectively, compared to those with...

The present study evaluates the feasibility of using a fully suspended inter-array cable system for an offshore wind farm. It includes both numerical simulations and a scaled-down experiment, conducted at a 1:49 scale, to validate the numerical results. To achieve the goal, a 15 MW floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) and a floating offshore substation (FOSS) are involved to simulate the wind farm array. This study incorporat...