The orange‐spotted therapon, Mesopristes kneri , is an ecologically and economically important riverine fish endemic to Fiji, yet its life history and reproductive biology remain poorly understood. This study examined the reproductive biology, life history and sexual development of M. kneri to support conservation and fisheries management. From April 2022 to May 2023, field‐based histological analyses were conducted on 118 ind...

Large herbivores are among the most ecologically influential and extinction‐prone animals. Megaherbivores, in particular, radically alter vegetation. Yet, few studies have tried to predict the impacts of herbivores—or their extinction—on plant species composition and community structure. First principles suggest that preferred food plants should be most strongly suppressed by herbivores and released by herbivore loss, but this...

Purpose The DANFLU-1 trial suggested lower incidence of hospitalizations for pneumonia and influenza, respiratory disease and all-cause mortality among older adults receiving high-dose (HD-IV) versus standard-dose (SD-IV) influenza vaccine. This study assessed the relative effectiveness of HD-IV versus SD-IV according to comorbidity in elderly individuals. Methods This was a post-hoc analysis of the DANFLU-1 randomized control...

Aspalathus linearis (Burm.f.) R.Dahlgren, or rooibos, is an important commercial crop in the Western Cape, South Africa. The growth rate of rooibos is highest during the hot, dry summers typical for this region. This suggests that the plants have a wide range of adaptive responses including morphological, physiological, molecular, and biochemical mechanisms that help them cope with drought and heat stress. This study investiga...

Indigofera L. is the most diverse genus in the tribe Indigofereae and the third largest genus in the Fabaceae with over 750 species distributed in most tropical to temperate areas of the world. The centre of diversity of the genus lies on the African continent, accounting for over two-thirds of its global diversity. Diversification of Indigofer a’s four main clades began in the Early Miocene, with the Tethyan and Cape Clades h...

Monitoring the governance and management effectiveness of area‐based conservation has long been recognized as an important foundation for achieving national and global biodiversity goals and enabling adaptive management. However, there are still many barriers that prevent conservation actors, including those affected by governance and management systems from implementing conservation activities and programs and from gathering...

Genome editing using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) gene-editing system (CRISPR-Cas) is a valuable tool for fundamental and applied research applications. Significant improvements in editing efficacy have advanced genome editing strategies into phase 3 human clinical trials. However, recent studies suggest that our understanding of editing outcomes has...

Malva sylvestris is a plant commonly found in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The leaves and flowers of this plant have been used for centuries in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as cough, cold, diarrhoea, and constipation. Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to search for relevant material on the phytochemical profiling and pharmacologic activities of Malva sylvestris . The techniques us...

The U.S. Pacific Islands span a dramatic natural gradient in climate and oceanographic conditions, and benthic community states vary significantly across the region’s coral reefs. Here we leverage a decade of integrated ecosystem monitoring data from American Samoa, the Mariana Archipelago, the main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, and the U.S. Pacific Remote Island Areas to evaluate coral reef community structure and reef p...

Aim To estimate loss of above‐ground carbon (AGC) and conversion of live carbon to dead carbon following understorey and canopy fire. Location South‐eastern Australia. Time period 2019–2020. Major taxa studied Four widespread resprouting eucalypt forests. Methods Above‐ground carbon was measured in 15 plots in each of four forest types one‐year post‐fire. We also assessed topkill, that is, trees subject to canopy loss that fai...

Diverse communities of large mammalian herbivores (LMH), once widespread, are now rare. LMH exert strong direct and indirect effects on community structure and ecosystem functions, and measuring these effects is important for testing ecological theory and for understanding past, current, and future environmental change. This in turn requires long‐term experimental manipulations, owing to the slow and often nonlinear responses...

Species assemblages often have a non‐random nested organization, which in vertebrate scavenger (carrion‐consuming) assemblages is thought to be driven by facilitation in competitive environments. However, not all scavenger species play the same role in maintaining assemblage structure, as some species are obligate scavengers (i.e., vultures) and others are facultative, scavenging opportunistically. We used a database with 177...