The Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM–GBF) envisions a world living in harmony with nature by 2050, with 23 intermediate targets to be achieved by 2030. However, aligning international policy and national and local implementation of effective actions can be challenging. Using steppe birds, one of the most threatened vertebrate groups in Europe, as a model system, we identified 36 conservation actions for the a...

The knowledge of the different population‐level processes operating within a species, and the genetic variability of the individual prokaryotic genomes, is key to understanding the adaptability of microbial populations. Here, we characterized the flexible genome of ammonia‐oxidizing archaeal (AOA) populations using a metagenomic recruitment approach and long‐read (PacBio HiFi) metagenomic sequencing. In the lower photic zone o...

Evolutionary adaptations of prokaryotes to the environment sometimes result in genome reduction. Our knowledge of this phenomenon among free‐living bacteria remains scarce. We address the dynamics and limits of genome reduction by examining one of the most abundant bacteria in the ocean, the SAR86 clade. Despite its abundance, comparative genomics has been limited by the absence of pure cultures and the poor representation in...

Urinary calculi are observed in some cultured marine fish larvae and may negatively impact larval health and survival. This study assessed urinary calculi in striped trumpeter Latris lineata larvae from hatching to 28 days post‐hatching (dph). The prevalence of urinary calculi was variable over time and ranged from 15% to 50%, whereas the average size of calculi increased with larval age. Urinary calculi were semi‐translucent,...

Summary Members of the SAR11 clade, despite their high abundance, are often poorly represented by metagenome‐assembled genomes. This fact has hampered our knowledge about their ecology and genetic diversity. Here we examined 175 SAR11 genomes, including 47 new single‐amplified genomes. The presence of the first genomes associated with subclade IV suggests that, in the same way as subclade V, they might be outside the proposed...

Summary Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota are some of the most abundant microorganisms in the deep ocean and responsible for much of the ammonia oxidation occurring in this environment. In this work, we present 35 sequences assembled from metagenomic samples of the first uncultivated Caudovirales viruses associated with Thaumarchaeota, which we designated marthavirus. Most of the sequences were obtained from cellular metagen...