Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy varies by geography and population subgroups. We assessed differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry according to major genetic ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort usi...

In sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.), the composition of fatty acids in the seeds, primarily oleic, linoleic, stearic and palmitic acid, is of utmost importance for oil quality. Despite this, the genetic basis of this trait and its interaction with the environment is poorly understood. Understanding this interaction is critical to improvement of sunflower within the context of climate change. In this work, we incorporated fatt...

Water temperature impacts estuarine ecology and biogeochemistry, but few studies have explored its dynamics, especially at tidal to seasonal timescales. Temperature is controlled by the mixing of river and ocean water and by heat fluxes from the atmosphere, both direct and indirect via bed sediments in intertidal areas. This study investigates temperature variability in the Yaquina Bay estuary, a small, partially to well-mixed...

Campbell Island/Motu Ihupuku, 650 km SW of New Zealand, was surveyed for freshwater invertebrates during the austral summer of 2010/11 as part of the Campbell Island Bicentennial Expedition. Aquatic oligochaetes constituted a considerable proportion of the species collected. A total of 19 species were recorded, including 6 Naididae, 9 Enchytraeidae, and 4 Phreodrilidae, bringing the total number of microdrile species known fro...

Training programs designed to increase participation of underrepresented students in cancer-related careers rarely include structured community engagement components. We describe the design and pilot of the Field Experience in Cancer Outreach and Engagement (FECOE), a program developed as part of the CREATE Partnership (Cancer Research and Education to Advance HealTh Excellence), a National Cancer Institute-funded grant to San...

The challenge of protecting marine ecosystems, including biodiversity and manifold interactions in changing environments, has encouraged development of end-to-end models linking physical drivers through entire food webs to upper-level predators. Ideally such models should have temporal and spatial resolution adequate to capture important small-scale processes, while including scales large enough to encompass local food webs an...

Coastal wetlands are being transformed by global change, impacting the ecological and societal benefits provided by these ecosystems. Synthesizing knowledge of historical and expected future transformations in coastal wetlands can help inform forward-looking planning and stewardship efforts. Here, we review anticipated future ecological transformations in coastal wetlands of the conterminous United States and contrast them wit...

Pacific lamprey, an anadromous fish native to the North Pacific Ocean, are imperiled in parts of their range. Many aspects of their biology are not fully understood, including the physiology of their spawning migration. Pacific lamprey exhibit two divergent reproductive life histories: early-maturing and late-maturing. Interior Columbia River early-maturing lamprey complete the final stages of gonadal maturation ~ 10 months af...

Motivation The database initiated by the Mountain Invasion Research Network (MIREN) is one of the few globally implemented standardized vegetation surveys in mountains. The focus is on collecting plant species occurrences at 5‐year intervals along and adjacent to mountain roads spanning elevational gradients, with the goal of providing critical information about the ongoing spread of non‐native plants and the potential impacts...

Despite growing recognition that natural rewards can mitigate stress responses, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we examined whether limited sucrose intake (LSI), a paradigm of repeated natural food reward, induces structural plasticity in parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons and their perineuronal nets (PNNs) within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a key region involved in str...