The Agulhas Current system, the strongest western boundary current in the Southern Hemisphere, plays a key role in regulating carbon cycling in the southwestern Indian Ocean. However, the variability of particulate organic carbon (POC) and its response to climate forcing remain poorly understood. Using multi-source satellite observations and reanalysis data from 1998–2025, we investigated the spatial, seasonal, interannual, an...

Flooding has intensified due to climate change and rapid urbanisation. Extensive studies have been conducted to simulate flooding of outdoor environment. However, limited studies have been conducted inintegrating outdoor and indoor flooding risk assessment. Therefore, this study adopted Infowork ICM model and integrated multi-facted data, including open-sourced drainage networks, 3D visualisation maps, territory habitat maps,...