Fish poxviruses are increasingly recognised as emerging pathogens of fish and should be considered in cases of unexplained gill or skin pathology. Carp edema virus (CEV), the causative agent of koi sleepy disease in common carp and koi ( Cyprinus carpio ), represents the first known example. Since then, additional members of the poxviridae have been described, including Plecoglossus altivelis poxvirus (PaPV) in ayu ( Plecoglos...

Osmoregulation and ammonia removal are among key physiological processes that take place in gills and affect fish homeostasis and well‐being. These processes can be disrupted by numerous environmental factors, but also by viral infections, especially those leading to severe gill disorders. The mechanisms of how viruses disrupt osmoregulation and ammonia removal in fish have not been extensively studied. We propose further expl...

Replacing fishmeal, a finite resource with high market demand, in the diet of carnivorous rainbow trout with proteins from alternative sources may be a challenge for these fish. Therefore, this study investigated whether replacing fishmeal with protein derived from Hermetia illucens or Arthrospira platensis could promote disease susceptibility in local trout populations with different growth performance. This was assessed in v...

Introduction Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus belongs to the genus Aquabirnavirus and family Birnaviridae . By VP2 gene similarity, aquatic birnavirus is clustered into seven genogroups. The aim of this study was to genetically analyse IPN viruses occurring on Polish fish farms. Materials and Methods Samples from freshwater fish mostly from 2012 to 2013 and from northern Poland were examined for the presence of IPN virus u...

During a PCR‐based CEV survey in Poland in 2015–2017, the virus was detected in many farms both in clinical and asymptomatic cases and in common as well as in koi carp ( Cyprinus carpio ). In order to evaluate the potential carrier role of fish species that share the same habitats with carp, an experimental trial was performed. Investigations carried out on specimens of bleak ( Alburnus alburnus ), crucian carp ( Carassius car...