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Polar Winter Processes: An Under-Represented Research Focus within the Coupled Earth SystemNARA Subscribed
Observing winter processes during the extended cold season is crucial not only for understanding polar and global coupled Earth system but also for enhancing capability of year-round prediction, especially in the context of Arctic amplification and the drastic decrease in sea ice extent and thickness at both poles. However, harsh environmental conditions and logistical challenges have left polar winter Earth system processes s...
Combining individual and close‐kin mark–recapture to design an effective wildlife population surveyNARA Subscribed
Close‐kin mark–recapture (CKMR) is a promising approach for assessing population size of species that have been difficult to survey using more traditional methods. Here, we combine individual and close‐kin mark–recapture in a single modeling framework (ICKMR) and provide an example of study design using this approach for Pacific walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus divergens ). We develop the ICKMR model and test it using simulated data...
Diversity and functional group composition drive biogeographic patterns in marine biogenic structural complexityNARA Subscribed
Biogenic structural complexity is a key driver of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, yet its ecological and environmental determinants remain poorly understood across broad biogeographic scales. Here, we conducted standardized 90‐day field experiments at 16 coastal sites, spanning a 41‐degree latitudinal gradient, using naturally assembled marine fouling communities on settlement panels. We measured rugosity as our metric...
Prediction of cognitive test scores: a comparison of brain structure, health, demographic, and cognitive data across adulthoodNARA Subscribed
Cognitive performance prediction may help identify early cognitive decline. However, the heterogeneity of research findings impedes the identification of key predictors. This study used 21,877 participants (25–74 years) from the German National Cohort (NAKO Gesundheitsstudie, NAKO) to systematically predict cognitive test scores based on brain structure, demographic, health-related, and cognitive data. Importantly, validation...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Success of restoration strategies in preventing extirpation of 2 critically endangered coral speciesNARA Subscribed
An unprecedented marine heatwave in 2023 caused widespread coral bleaching and mortality throughout the Caribbean. In the Florida Keys (USA), 2 foundation species, elkhorn coral ( Acropora palmata ) and staghorn coral ( Acropora cervicornis ), were severely affected. These species have been the primary focus of reef restoration in Florida for decades. Substantial losses of these species occurred in outplanted populations, in o...
The fertility of a sub-population of stallions is negatively affected by ambient climatic conditions, mediated through DNA damageNARA Subscribed
Exposure to systemic heat stress in male mammals adversely affects sperm production, fertility, and DNA integrity. To date, few studies have investigated this phenomenon in horses, particularly in industry-relevant environments. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between ambient climatic conditions and fertility within a population of commercially fertile stallions. Post-coital semen samples ( n = 804) were collec...
Physical monitoring of an erosional hotspot on a nourished beach: a case study of Ortley Beach, New JerseyNARA Subscribed
Beaches worldwide play an essential role in shore protection under storm conditions. How to identify the threshold beach width for effective shore protection remains largely unresolved due to a scarcity of measured beach profiles with sufficient temporal and spatial resolutions. In this study, weekly to monthly surveys spaced 100 m along the shoreline have been conducted at Ortley Beach, New Jersey since Fall 2023. The survey...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The Black Array of Broadband Absolute Radiometers Earth Radiation Imager (BABAR-ERI) is a small, adaptable nadir-pointed pushbroom imager to measure Earth-leaving broadband radiance from 0.3 µm to 100 µm with higher information content than is currently measured by reducing radiometric uncertainty and enabling cloud-resolving spatial resolution. The three-instrument BABAR-ERI suite fits a 12U CubeSat form factor and contains c...
Low dissolved oxygen nitrification through kinetic selectionNARA Subscribed
Perceptions of coastal vegetated ecosystems: A systematic review across geographical and sectoral dimensionsNARA Subscribed
Coastal vegetated ecosystems such as mangrove forests, seagrass meadows, and tidal marshes provide a wide array of ecosystem services. They also play a vital role in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. However, they are among the most threatened ecosystems globally. This study addresses a key knowledge gap by conducting a systematic review of academic literature on sectoral perceptions of these ecosystems....