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The decisions and conditions of animals often carry over to influence fitness in subsequent seasons or years. The condition, choices, and behaviors of parents may have a huge influence on offspring survival, not only when they are nutritionally dependent (i.e., pre-weaning or pre-fledgling), but also after they have reached independence but before adulthood (i.e., post-weaning or post-fledgling). Using a long-lived, iteroparou...
Characterising the mycobiome of healthy and wounded reef sharks in the Seychelles archipelagoNARA Subscribed
Sharks frequently sustain cutaneous injuries throughout their lifetimes, yet subsequent infections are surprisingly rare, and wounds appear to heal rapidly. This has led scientists to explore the potential mechanisms behind shark skin’s putative ‘superior’ capacity for fending off infection. Interestingly, research has turned to the skin-associated microbiome for the answer. Although exploration of the bacterial microbiome has...
Combining individual and close‐kin mark–recapture to design an effective wildlife population surveyNARA Subscribed
Close‐kin mark–recapture (CKMR) is a promising approach for assessing population size of species that have been difficult to survey using more traditional methods. Here, we combine individual and close‐kin mark–recapture in a single modeling framework (ICKMR) and provide an example of study design using this approach for Pacific walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus divergens ). We develop the ICKMR model and test it using simulated data...
Vertical profiles are a common type of oceanographic observation, involving measurements of a variable across a range of depths, and are widely used to identify physical and biogeochemical features of the water column. Recent studies have shown that oceanographic profiles can be represented as functional data objects, where each profile is treated as a single datum and expressed as a function of pressure. This study applies a...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Probabilistic human health risk assessment of trace metal exposure in Australian homes: insights from a legacy industrial regionNARA Subscribed
Urbanization and industrial activity contribute to environmental contamination, increasing potential health risks for residents via trace metal exposure. This study used a probabilistic human health risk assessment (PHHR) to evaluate trace metal exposure in Australian homes, using garden soil data from 9548 homes and indoor dust samples from 2341 homes. A focused assessment of 75 homes in the historically industrial Illawarra...
Addressing urgent conservation issues, such as the drastic declines of North American migratory birds, requires creative, evidence‐based, efficient, and collaborative approaches. The abundance of over 50% of monitored North American shorebird populations has declined by over 50% since 1980. To address these declines, we developed a partnership of scientists and practitioners called the Shorebird Science and Conservation Collec...
Finding the Best Nursery: How Habitat Features Shape Juvenile Snapper ( Chrysophrys auratus ) DensityNARA Subscribed
This study examines habitat preferences of juvenile Australasian snapper ( Chrysophrys auratus ) in northeastern New Zealand, analysing data from 113 stations across structured and unstructured habitats. We investigated how juvenile snapper densities were influenced by environmental factors, including prey availability and physical habitat features. Seagrass supported significantly higher snapper densities than all other habit...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Shallow estuarine reef as nursery habitat for Australasian snapper ( Chrysophrys auratus )NARA Subscribed
Estuaries are important recruitment sites for many fish species, with structurally‐complex habitats such as subtidal seagrass beds on soft sediments particularly valuable due to their provision of food and shelter. Soft sediments dominate most estuaries, but where hard‐bottom reefs are present they have the potential to act as nursery habitats for juvenile fish. We document recruitment of juvenile Australasian snapper ( Chryso...