Migratory bird distributions are inherently dynamic and vary with seasons, but are also increasingly influenced by climate and land-use changes. Understanding these shifts is crucial for interpreting ecosystem dynamics and guiding future conservation efforts. In this study, we analysed 187,779 resightings (1985–2021) of 5,120 colour-banded Common Cranes ( Grus grus ), originating from 8 northern European countries, to examine...