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Infrared Spectroscopy Can Differentiate Between Cartilage Injury Models: Implication for Assessment of Cartilage IntegrityNARA Subscribed
In order to improve the ability of clinical diagnosis to differentiate articular cartilage (AC) injury of different origins, this study explores the sensitivity of mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy for detecting structural, compositional, and functional changes in AC resulting from two injury types. Three grooves (two in parallel in the palmar-dorsal direction and one in the mediolateral direction) were made via arthrotomy in th...
In this study, we mapped and quantified changes of proteoglycan (PG) content and biomechanical properties in articular cartilage in which either blunt or sharp grooves had been made, both close to the groove and more remote of it, and at the opposing joint surface (kissing site) in equine carpal joints. In nine adult Shetland ponies, standardized blunt and sharp grooves were surgically made in the radiocarpal and middle carpal...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Anal‐fin ray morphology indicates sexual maturity in Brevimyrus niger (Teleostei, Mormyridae)NARA Subscribed
This osteological survey of 249 specimens of Brevimyrus niger ranging in size from 44 to 137 mm standard length ( L S ) demonstrated that developmental changes in anal‐fin morphology can serve as a predictor of sexual maturity in this species. Anal‐fin ray bases begin to expand when fish reach c. 90 mm L S at which size and above there were roughly equal numbers of individuals observed with expanded and unmodified anal‐fin bas...
The current study demonstrated that juvenile Mormyrus rume proboscirostris , an African freshwater weakly electric fish, used their active electrosense in group cohesion. Data also indicated that sight and mechano‐reception could play a synergistic role in controlling this behaviour. The developmental change from a larval monophasic electric organ discharge to the adult biphasic waveform was accompanied by a reversal of the fi...
The anal fin complex in a weakly discharging electric fish, Gnathonemus petersii (Mormyridae)NARA Subscribed
An examination of the permanent bony structures of the anal fin complex in the mormyrid fish, Gnathonemus petersii , revealed two new structural sexual dimorphisms: longer proximal pterygiophores and wider anal fin rays in males than in females. Both structures are thought to facilitate the male’s courtship‐associated anal fin reflex. Adult male mormyrid fishes are characterized by a dorsally directed indentation of the poster...
Prey remains from sooty shearwater ( Puffinus griseus Gmelin, 1792) regurgitates, stomachs, and gizzards, were collected from four breeding colonies in southern New Zealand. We found a wide range of prey species (minimum 39 species of 35 genera), the most important of which were crustaceans (particularly euphausiid krill and hyperiid amphipods), cephalopods (notably arrow squid), fishes, and salps. Malacostracans (krill, amphi...
A sexually dimorphic basal anal‐fin ray expansion in the weakly discharging electric fish Gnathonemus petersiiNARA Subscribed
Male Gnathonemus petersii (Mormyridae) exhibit two structural, sexually dimorphic characters: anal‐fin ray bone expansion and an indentation of the posterior ventral body wall (formerly described as anal‐fin indentation). Females lack this bone expansion, but may show a slight indentation. Morphometric data on both characters were obtained from radiographs of 414 fish (males and females) ranging in size from 60 to 276 mm L s ....
The spectral sensitivity of the weakly electric mormyrid fish Gnathonemus petersi was investigated under dark‐ and light‐adapted conditions using a transient change (startle) in its electric organ discharge (EOD) rate as response measure. The startle was resistant to habituation and graded with light intensity. Under both lighting conditions, the fish responded optimally to a monochromatic light of 525 nm. A porphyropsin pigme...
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