Plant-infecting rhabdoviruses (family Rhabdoviridae , subfamily Betarhabdovirinae ) include several viruses that cause important crop diseases and are subject to phytosanitary regulation. Despite their agricultural and ecological importance, the diversity of plant rhabdoviruses and their impact on plant health remain poorly understood. Here, we report 32 tentative novel species of plant-infecting rhabdoviruses, identified via...

The contemporary occurrence of juvenile gas emissions at springs or mofettes in active volcanic areas can be observed worldwide. This correlation is less frequent in areas with dormant or post-volcanic activity. The NW-Bohemia/Vogtland region located at the Eger rift zone (Czech Republic) provides an intriguing example of this correlation between numerous Neogene-aged post-volcanism locations and juvenile fluid emission sites....

Summary To avoid pathogen‐associated molecular pattern recognition, the hemibiotrophic maize pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola secretes proteins mediating the establishment of biotrophy. Targeted deletion of 26 individual candidate genes and seven gene clusters comprising 32 genes of C . graminicola identified a pathogenicity cluster ( CLU5 ) of five co‐linear genes, all of which, with the exception of CLU5b , encode secrete...

We have undertaken petrographic, mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic investigations on carbonate minerals found within a 10‐m‐long core from Lonar Lake, central India, with the aim of evaluating their potential as palaeoenvironmental proxies. The core encompasses the entire Holocene and is the first well‐dated high‐resolution record from central India. While calcite and/or aragonite were found throughout the core, the mine...

The European phyto‐phenological database of the EU 5th Framework project ‘POSITIVE’ facilitated an examination of the rate and spatial pattern of changes in spring phenology across Europe. This database was collected, evaluated and composed from different national databases of Eastern and Western Europe covering the time period 1951–1998. Results show that spring phases have advanced four weeks in Western and Central Europe, a...