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Kelp gull shell middens potentially facilitate root growth of non-native plants in AntarcticaNARA Subscribed
Ecosystem engineering is an important factor influencing species establishment in novel environments. Here we tested how shell middens created by kelp gulls ( Larus dominicanus ) affect the growth of candidate non-native plants under simulated Antarctic conditions. Calcium compounds derived from the shells raised the organic Antarctic substrate pH from 6.0 to 7.3 and resulted in increased plant biomass (21–100%) over a 14-week...
Despite growing scientific evidence of the important role that wood-decomposing fungi serve in ecosystem function, we know little about how fungal community dynamics relate to decomposition outcomes. We deployed 42 standardized (same dimensions and source) wood stakes from sugar maple ( Acer saccharum ) and white ash ( Fraxinus americana ) on the forest floor of a northern US hardwood forest. After four years, we collected the...
Temperate Forest Floors: Ecosystem Hubs in Transition?NARA Subscribed
The forest floor (FF) plays a key role in carbon, nutrient, and water cycling. It is the biologically most active compartment of forest soils, highly responsive to environmental conditions. Yet, its response to current changes in environmental conditions and forest management is understudied. Temperate forests are among the best studied ecosystems globally, providing the necessary ecological and biogeochemical background infor...
The Asia region harbors exceptional chondrichthyan (shark, ray, and chimaera) diversity but faces intense fishing pressure. The Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRA) process provides a collaborative, evidence-based framework to identify critical habitats and inform spatial management. We assessed ISRAs across the Bay of Bengal, Southeast Asia, and the Northwest Pacific to characterize their extent, ecological significance, and...
Macrogenetic Alignment in Ecological Strategies Better Interprets Assembly Processes Than Pre‐Determined Functional GroupingsNARA Subscribed
Understanding how species assemble across landscapes requires integration of data representing evolutionary, ecological, and biogeographic processes. We developed a comparative macrogenetic framework, applying it across 22 co‐distributed rainforest trees, to identify replicated landscape‐level genetic signatures. Diversity‐migration analyses and genogeographic clustering identified shared spatial dynamics in relation to refugi...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of speci...