Background and aims Aboveground insect herbivory can change the plant rhizosphere and modulate the composition of the soil microbiome. However, it is unclear to what extent these changes in the rhizosphere affect plant resistance to above-ground herbivorous insects, and how these plant-soil feedback (PSF) mechanisms are shaped. Here, we investigated whether herbivore-induced changes in the rhizosphere increase resistance again...

Inverse electrocardiography ( i ECG) estimates epi- and endocardial electrical activity from body surface potentials maps (BSPM). In individuals at risk for cardiomyopathy, non-invasive estimation of normal ventricular activation may provide valuable information to aid risk stratification to prevent sudden cardiac death. However, multiple simultaneous activation wavefronts initiated by the His-Purkinje system, severely complic...

The cuticular wax layer can be important for plant resistance to insects. Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis ) damage was assessed on 11 pepper accessions of Capsicum annuum and C. chinense in leaf disc and whole plant assays. Thrips damage differed among the accessions. We analyzed the composition of leaf cuticular waxes of these accessions by GC-MS. The leaf wax composition was different between the two Capsicum species. In...

Summary Cabbage root fly larvae ( D elia radicum ) cause severe crop losses (≥ 50%) of rapeseed/ canola and cabbages used in the food and biofuel industries. These losses occur despite the fact that cabbages produce insecticidal toxins such as isothiocyanates. Here we describe the cabbage root fly larval gut microbiome as a source of isothiocyanate degrading enzymes. We sequenced the microbial gut community of the larvae and a...