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Despite extensive research on the western Pacific crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS; Acanthaster cf. solaris ), especially from Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR), there are persistent knowledge gaps that constrain understanding and management. Given renewed population irruptions of CoTS on the GBR, alongside escalating climate impacts and direct anthropogenic pressures, a quantitative assessment of knowledge gaps was undertake...
Shoulder Kinematic and Muscle Activity Compensations to Scapular Stabilizer Weakness: An Optimal Control FrameworkNARA Subscribed
Purpose Shoulder kinematic and muscular redundancy promotes considerable variability, obscuring possible insights into neuromuscular control and compensation mechanisms for muscle weakness or fatigue. The current study harnessed recent advancements in optimal control formulations for computational musculoskeletal models to determine potential neuromuscular control strategies to compensate for isolated muscle weakness. Methods...
Semi‐Natural Habitats Buffer the Effects of Crop Diversification on Arthropod Pest Control Services in Agricultural LandscapesNARA Subscribed
Crop diversification is a promising strategy to strengthen pest control services in agricultural landscapes. Diversifying crops may limit pests through host crop dilution or by enhancing top‐down control by their enemies. However, crop diversification may also benefit generalist pests through higher resource continuity. Using a large‐scale dataset encompassing 742 landscapes across 13 countries, we assessed the impact of lands...
Gene-environment interactions, leading to immune-brain cross-talk and neuroinflammation are increasingly recognised in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as autistic regression and paediatric acute onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including ibuprofen, provides relief to some neuropsychiatric symptoms, however, the therapeutic mechanisms are unclear. We describe the benefit of...
Tenacibaculosis, a disease caused by Tenacibaculum spp., is of concern in British Columbia (BC, Canada) due to the potential for interspecific transmission from Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) to Pacific salmon. However, the susceptibility of most Pacific salmonids remains unknown. In this study, Atlantic salmon post‐smolts were bath‐exposed to an Atlantic salmon‐derived BC isolate of Tenacibaculum maritimum (isolate 2.1C) a...
Melanistic lesions, including non‐raised black areas due to proliferations of melanocytes and melanomacrophages in the dermis and epidermis, as well as raised black areas consistent with melanoma, are described in brown bullhead (BBH) Ameiurus nebulosus from three water bodies in the northeastern United States and Quebec, Canada. First observed in the Vermont portion of Lake Memphremagog, Vermont, USA and Quebec, Canada, the p...
Global Analysis of Shallow Underwater Fish Observation Research: 70 Years of Progress, Persistent Geographic Biases and a Path ForwardNARA Subscribed
Marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by overfishing, pollution, coastal development and climate change, underscoring the need for long‐term, representative information on key fish populations and habitats to inform management and policy. Underwater fish observation (UFObs) techniques, such as Underwater Visual Census (UVC), stereo‐Baited Remote Underwater Video (stereo‐BRUV) and Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs), play...
The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident released radionuclides directly into the ocean as a result of the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011. This material has been transported across the Pacific Ocean and detected in the northeastern Pacific. We began a surface ocean 129 I monitoring program a few months after this disaster in June 2011, with samples from Scripps Pier, La Jolla, California, USA, with the...
Reliable developmental benchmarks are essential for synchronizing incubation and first-feeding decisions in striped bass (Morone saxatilis) hatcheries, yet existing references are incomplete, outdated, or difficult to apply across variable temperature regimes. We developed contemporary embryo and larval developmental staging guides for striped bass using digital imaging and degree day standardization and paired these guides wi...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
A Modular Computational Approach for Assessing Active and Passive Force Contributions in Interstitial Lymphatic Fluid UptakeNARA Subscribed
Purpose The lymphatic system regulates fluid homeostasis, yet the relative roles of active vessel pumping, external mechanical forces, and lymphatic vessel/interstitium material properties on lymphatic uptake remain unclear. We sought to quantify how each factor affects lymphatic drainage. Method We developed a bond-graph-based computational framework for modelling initial lymphatic uptake. Two networks, a simple 7-branch and...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The anthropause as a behavioral reset: persistent reduction in territorial aggression in an urban songbirdNARA Subscribed
Cities are evolutionarily novel environments that can impose unique stressors on wildlife. The period of movement restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, dubbed the “anthropause,” temporarily decoupled human activity from urban landscape stressors, creating a natural experiment otherwise impossible to replicate. We investigated whether the post-anthropause increase of human activity affected territorial behavior in urban da...