Marine primary production, converting approximately 50 Gt of inorganic carbon into organic carbon per year, is an important component of the global carbon cycle, and a major determinant of past, present and future climate. Large-scale, long-term estimates of marine primary production rely primarily on two types of models: satellite-based models that make extensive use of remote-sensing data, and ecosystem models providing nume...

Moist heat impairs the human body’s ability to cool through sweat-based evaporative cooling, posing a serious health risk. In India, this risk is especially acute, since the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) brings abundant moisture, and socio–economic conditions significantly increase the exposure and vulnerability to moist heat. However, there is a limited understanding of the characteristics and large-scale drivers of moist heatw...