Strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a high-value global crop, yet its productivity is severely constrained by the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Developing localized economic thresholds is a cornerstone of sustainable Integrated Pest Management (IPM) to mitigate yield losses and reduce acaricide reliance. This two-season field study (2019–2020) investigated the quantitative relationship between T. ur...

Urban flooding has become a growing concern due to rapid land development and increasingly unpredictable climate patterns. Effective emergency response—particularly the strategic placement of temporary shelters—is crucial for minimizing the impacts of disasters. This study presents a data-driven framework for identifying and spatially optimizing emergency shelters in flood-prone urban environments. The methodology was implemen...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has conventionally been considered a prototypical autoimmune disorder. While modern immunotherapies effectively control relapsing conditions, they fail to avert progressive neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and remyelination failure. This review offers an evidence-based recontextualization. The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is multifactorial, resulting from the interaction of genetic predisposi...