Sea-level rise (SLR) and obstructions to sediment delivery pose challenges to the persistence of estuarine habitats and the ecosystem services they provide. Restoration actions and sediment management strategies may help mitigate such challenges by encouraging the vertical accretion of sediment in and horizontal migration of tidal forests and marshes. We used a process-based soil accretion model (Coastal Wetland Equilibrium Mo...

Identification of individuals with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is important. However, algorithms specific to the elderly are lacking. Data were analysed from a randomised trial involving 18,548 participants ≥ 70 years old (mean age 75.4 years), without prior cardiovascular disease events, dementia or physical disability. MACE included coronary heart disease death, fatal or nonfatal ischaemic st...

Cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) is the most common viral cardiac disease in Norwegian Atlantic salmon farming and typically affects large, market size fish. Only six months after seawater transfer, Atlantic salmon were diagnosed with CMS at a fish farm in the south‐western part of Norway. Due to the unexpected young age and the remarkable large amounts of virus‐specific RNA (Ct

Ninety wild Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., (1.5–10.3 kg) were caught in the Namsen Fjord near the mouth of River Namsen, mid‐Norway, and examined for the presence and distribution of Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809 det. Krabbe, 1878) larvae by digestion of the viscera and muscles in a pepsin/HCl solution. All salmon were migrating spawners after 1–4 years of feeding in the Atlantic Ocean. All 90 Atlantic salmon had A. simpl...

Spontaneous mortality of seemingly healthy, farmed Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L) is an increasing problem in Norwegian aquaculture. In this study, we present a morphological study of the previously undescribed syndrome of arteriosclerosis of the ventral aorta and epicarditis of the adjacent bulbus arteriosus found in farmed Atlantic salmon, with wild‐captured fish as a control group. Both the ventral aorta and epicardium ar...

This study describes a co‐infection of Kudoa islandica (Myxozoa) and Nucleospora cyclopteri (Microsporida) in farmed lumpfish, Cyclopterus lumpus L. , in Norway. Several other parasites ( Cryptocotyle sp., protozoan ciliates and Gyrodactylus sp.) were also found in gills. In June 2013, the mortality in a farmed lumpfish population increased to 65%. Lumpfish showed erratic swimming behaviour and loss of weight. At necropsy, nod...

Heart morphology is particularly plastic in teleosts and differs between farmed and wild A tlantic salmon. However, little is known about how different culture practices and sex affect heart morphology. This study investigated how vaccination, triploidy and sex affected heart size and heart morphology (ventricle shape, angle of the bulbus arteriosus) in farmed A tlantic salmon for 18 months following vaccination (from c . 50–3...

Heart deformities are a concern in aquaculture and are linked to egg incubation temperature. Diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon, S almo salar L ., were incubated at 6, 8 and 10 °C and analysed for aplasia of the septum transversum ( n = 150 ploidy −1 incubation temperature −1 ). Heart morphology (size and shape) was assessed in fish incubated at 6 °C and in fish with and without aplasia of the septum transversum ( n = 9 grou...

One hundred farmed A tlantic salmon, S almo salar L ., were examined for the presence of nematodes by digestion of tissue in HC l–pepsin solution. All fish were sampled from one cage in a fish farm on the Norwegian south‐west coast. Fifty harvest quality salmon, that is, salmon for human consumption (mean 5.4 kg, variation 3.0–7.6 kg), were sampled at the processing line while 50 salmon runts (mean 1.1 kg, variation 0.4–1.8 kg...

Piscine mycobacteriosis causes losses in a number of fish species both in the wild and in aquaculture worldwide. Mycobacterium salmoniphilum infections have on several occasions been reported in farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. The present study tested and confirmed the susceptibility of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., an important yet relatively novel aquaculture species, to infection with M. salmoniphilum . Atlantic cod...

Arteriosclerosis of the coronary artery has been described as a ‘fact of life’ for Pacific and Atlantic salmonids due to the high prevalence in spawning fish. The lesions are believed to be the result of overstretching of the highly distensible bulbus arteriosus whereby the endothelium of the main coronary vessel becomes mechanically damaged and a smooth muscle proliferation ensues with resultant partial occlusion of the vesse...

This paper is the first description of a spontaneous glycogen‐storage disease in a lower vertebrate, as previous descriptions deal with humans and other mammals, or fish where the condition has been experimentally induced. Affected farmed rainbow trout experienced increased mortality from 60 days post‐startfeeding and displayed clinical signs of heart failure with abnormal behaviour, exophthalmia, distended abdomen and ventral...

The present study investigated the short‐term (5 months) effect of replacing dietary marine oils with vegetable oils on the development of arteriosclerotic changes in the heart of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar . The experiment was performed as a randomized observer‐blinded and controlled trial. Farmed Atlantic salmon were randomly sampled from a study population containing 900 individuals. The salmon were divided into three gro...

This study investigated and compared quantitative and semi‐quantitative coronary lesion evaluation in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar . A total of 121 immature farmed and 47 sexually mature wild Atlantic salmon were included. Coronary arteries from all fish were morphometrically evaluated using a semi‐quantitative method. A subsample of 76 salmon was additionally evaluated using a quantitative method. Another subsample of 71 salm...