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Genetic ancestry proportion influences risk of adverse events from tuberculosis treatment in BrazilNARA Subscribed
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy varies by geography and population subgroups. We assessed differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry according to major genetic ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort usi...
Muscle architectural and performance adaptations following an 8-week sprint-focused training interventionNARA Subscribed
Muscle fascicle length is a key determinant of sprint performance, with lengthening adaptations observed following eccentric strength training or combined sprint and resistance interventions. However, whether sprint-focused training can induce meaningful architectural adaptations, independent of concurrent sport-related training, remains unclear. Fourteen participants (10 female, 4 male; age 21.6 ± 3.3 years; body mass 68.0 ±...
Loss and Transformation of Coastal Wetlands due to Global Change in the Conterminous United States: Past, Present, and FutureNARA Subscribed
Coastal wetlands are being transformed by global change, impacting the ecological and societal benefits provided by these ecosystems. Synthesizing knowledge of historical and expected future transformations in coastal wetlands can help inform forward-looking planning and stewardship efforts. Here, we review anticipated future ecological transformations in coastal wetlands of the conterminous United States and contrast them wit...
Motivation The database initiated by the Mountain Invasion Research Network (MIREN) is one of the few globally implemented standardized vegetation surveys in mountains. The focus is on collecting plant species occurrences at 5‐year intervals along and adjacent to mountain roads spanning elevational gradients, with the goal of providing critical information about the ongoing spread of non‐native plants and the potential impacts...
Coral mortality in a mass bleaching event influenced by proximity to diseased tissue and reef topographyNARA Subscribed
Coral reefs of the Florida Keys experienced the hottest summer on record in 2023, causing mass bleaching and mortality of scleractinian corals. Sea surface temperatures remained above 31°C for 41 days, exceeding all prior records for the region. Branching corals fared especially poorly, especially Acropora palmata , which has now been deemed functionally extinct across the entire Florida Reef Tract. High temperatures and prolo...
Contrasting life‐history strategies of three sympatric icefish species in the northern Scotia SeaNARA Subscribed
Comprehending a species' life‐history strategies is crucial to inform effective conservation efforts. Commercial fishing impacts icefish (family: Channichthyidae) in the Scotia Sea, but detailed information on species‐specific life histories remains largely unknown. In this study, the demographic characteristics of mackerel icefish ( Champsocephalus gunnari ), blackfin icefish ( Chaenocephalus aceratus ) and South Georgia icef...
The United Kingdom is an important wintering ground for millions of waterbirds. Most U.K. wintering waterbird populations increased between 1970 and the mid‐1990s, but declined thereafter. We examined U.K. population indices in 46 wintering waterbird species in two 25‐year periods, 1970–1994 and 1995–2019, to identify which waterbird groups were vulnerable to declines. We modeled abundance to examine whether spatial patterns i...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Probabilistic assessment of algal nutrient limitation across lakes, leveraging trends with temperature and depthNARA Subscribed
Lake eutrophication remains a significant challenge for water‐quality management across the world. Many management strategies focus on reducing nutrient inputs, but other environmental factors can substantially influence the yield of algal biomass for a given level of nutrients. While various large‐scale studies have explored how different lake characteristics impact eutrophication, there remains a need to integrate these fact...
Addressing urgent conservation issues, such as the drastic declines of North American migratory birds, requires creative, evidence‐based, efficient, and collaborative approaches. The abundance of over 50% of monitored North American shorebird populations has declined by over 50% since 1980. To address these declines, we developed a partnership of scientists and practitioners called the Shorebird Science and Conservation Collec...