The swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) is a commercially important marine aquaculture species. After multiple generations of selective breeding, the third improved variety in China, “Huangxuan No 2” (HX2), was successfully developed in 2018. Compared to the original wild populations, HX2 exhibits enhanced resistance to low salinity stress and growth RATE. However, the genomic characteristics underlying these selected tra...

The complex surface architecture of natural oyster reefs is widely considered to promote biological attachment, yet the underlying mechanisms and the relevance to the design of artificial reefs are not fully understood. Here, we combined field experiments, 3D surface characterization, and numerical modelling to quantify how reef-like roughness regulates biofouling development and near-wall flow around artificial substrates. Su...