Near-bed mean-flow structure is important to bottom-boundary-layer exchange and sediment-related processes in shallow coastal waters, but vertically resolved observations often require costly acoustic instrumentation. This proof-of-concept study evaluates a scalable framework using one or two tilt current meters (TCMs) for near-bed logarithmic-profile reconstruction. A short (L1) and long (L2) inclinometer were evaluated indiv...

The Moroccan littoral stretches on 3500 km, including 500 km on the Mediterranean side; this explains the considerable extent of the country’s coastal wetlands. The great variability in the geology and morphology of these littorals has led to a wide diversity of coastal landscapes, including more than 1500 km of beaches and 1000 km of rocky coastlines, interrupted by about 300 estuaries, and five large lagoons. This study aims...

The potential benefits of deep sea mining for the International Seabed Authority members and the wider world economy are explained. However, deep sea mining is controversial because of its uncertain effects on deep sea ecology, with severe negative effects being possible. As a countermeasure it is argued that the existing royalty and tax system operated through the ISA could be used to manage pollution levels should these turn...

A series of physical model tests of a semi-braceless floating wind turbine foundation (FOWT) under freak waves was conducted in the present work. The extreme wave run-up phenomenon on the FOWT columns was reported and investigated. The back column exhibits a median wave run-up amplification factor of 1.65 (a 65% rise from the baseline condition), with the maximum recorded value hitting 3.18, marking a 218% amplification compar...

Whale shark aggregations in tropical coastal systems are linked to environmental variability and prey dynamics, yet the drivers of surface sightings remain poorly understood. In Nosy Be, Madagascar, a seasonal aggregation of immature whale sharks occurs within a productive coastal ecosystem. This study investigated the relationship between daily environmental conditions and whale shark surface sighting probability while accoun...

Glass sponges (Porifera: Hexactinellida) have been the subject of scientific investigation for over two centuries, yet the temporal and thematic structure of this research effort has never been quantitatively evaluated. Here, we assessed taxonomic activity, geographical and bathymetric coverage, and keyword trends extracted from the indexed literature. We found two different periods of intense taxonomic activity occurring in t...

Submesoscale processes in marginal seas are central to the ocean’s energy cascade, mixed-layer dynamics, and biogeochemical exchanges and are typically driven by complex mechanisms influenced by local background currents as well as external forcings such as winds, tides, and topography. Among these drivers, however, the role of surface gravity waves has received comparatively little attention. In this study, we investigate the...

Gene editing techniques are well-developed for model microalgae like Chlorella and Chlamydomonas. However, for the high-value species Porphyridium purpureum, its thick cell wall poses a significant barrier to genetic manipulation. Overcoming this challenge requires a robust method for preparing highly viable protoplasts. To generate protoplasts of P. purpureum, a targeted enzymatic lysis was applied based on the structural com...

Small pelagic fishes play a crucial role in structuring marine food webs, yet their trophic flexibility and feeding interactions remain poorly understood in highly dynamic, nutrient-rich systems such as upwelling regions. This study combines bulk stable isotope analysis (δ13C and δ15N), compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis of amino acids (CSIA-AA), and fatty acid (FA) profiles to assess feeding patterns and trophic over...

This study experimentally investigated the wave transmission and setup characteristics of biomimetic submerged structures as Nature-based Solutions (NbSs) for coastal protection. A non-porous monolithic pillar and a highly porous, multi-branched staghorn coral replica were tested in a 2D flume featuring a 1:20 foreshore slope representative of Kuta Beach, Bali. The results revealed a highly divergent, period-dependent hydrodyn...

Quantitative measurement of macroalgal thallus morphology and its link with epifaunal communities remains largely unexplored in the central Mediterranean. This paper explores the link between thallus morphology and the associated mobile epifaunal assemblages of three common macroalgae native to the Maltese Islands (central Mediterranean Sea): Ellisolandia elongata, Jania rubens, and Dictyota spp. (D. dichotoma, D. mediterranea...

The Guajira Upwelling System (GUS) is located between 10–12.5° N and 61–75.5° W in the Southern–Central Caribbean Sea. This study examines its spatial and seasonal variability using upwelling indices derived from surface differences in temperature, salinity, density, and absolute dynamic topography between the GUS and a nearby Caribbean region (78–68° W, 10–16° N) not affected by coastal upwelling. Weekly time series from 1998...

The prediction of ocean wave heights and periods is crucial for reducing maritime accidents. The application of neural networks to predictive modeling eliminates the need for complex parameter schemes that describe specific physical processes, thereby reducing computational costs. This study presents two single and three fusion models based on neural-network architectures: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short-Term Me...

To address the lack of compliance with the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) in conventional timed elastic band (TEB)—based dynamic path planning for autonomous surface vessels (ASVs), this study proposes an intelligent path-planning framework that integrates an improved jump point search (JPS) algorithm with a COLREGs-aware TEB approach. At the global planning layer, an enhanced JPS algorith...

Satellite chlorophyll–a (Chla) products are widely used to study coastal productivity, but their performance often degrades in river-influenced and optically complex waters. We evaluated MODIS-Aqua Chla retrievals in the coastal upwelling area off central-southern Chile, a region strongly affected by seasonal river plumes, using monthly in situ Chla and hydrographic observations from Station 18 (August 2002 to September 2011),...

This work presents new data and several age–depth reconstructions based on distinct approaches to improve previously published age models for sedimentary sequences collected on the Iberian Margin middle shelf: PO287 6-1B, 2G (Porto); PO287 26-1B, 3G, and D13902 (Lisbon); and POPEI VC2B (Algarve). The new age models are constructed using radiocarbon dates calibrated with the IntCal20 calibration curve and smooth-spline regressi...

Over the past three decades, five satellites have succeeded one another on the reference orbit, building the longest continuous climate record of global sea level measurements. Its continuity is ensured thanks to tandem flights between consecutive satellites. In this paper, we demonstrate that the first satellite of the Sentinel-6 series (Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich) has enabled the detection of a processing anomaly in the Jas...

This study outlines a comprehensive analytical methodology applied to a vessel’s operational data to establish a rigorously validated, data-driven baseline for the Marine and Health Usage Monitoring System (MHUMS) algorithmic modules. By correlating a continuous three-month dataset of sensor telemetry with historical alarm logs, the primary objective was to develop and train a robust predictive model. This study addresses the...

Carukia barnesi is a small tropical Cubozoan that causes painful and potentially fatal stings (Irukandji syndrome) along the north-eastern coast of Australia during the summer monsoonal months between November and May. This research establishes the thermal and osmotic tolerance of the medusa stage of the Irukandji jellyfish C. barnesi to determine if environmental parameters influence the marked seasonality of this species. By...

Accurate prediction of significant wave height (SWH) is essential for fisheries management, coastal socioeconomic activities, and marine ecological conservation. In recent years, deep learning-based bias correction has shown considerable potential for improving numerical wave forecasts. However, many existing approaches are still constrained by limited receptive fields and often struggle to capture long-range spatiotemporal de...

Predicting a ship’s motion trend in waves is crucial for safe navigation and operation. Existing prediction models are mostly based on the assumption of local linear dynamics, which can achieve great performance in idealized ocean environments. However, ships typically sail in real marine environments with regular or irregular waves, which makes the robustness and real-time performance of ship motion estimation models particul...

Coastal zones are facing rising exposure to climate-related hazards alongside intensifying human pressures, which highlights the need for robust tools to assess vulnerability. This study uses a GIS-based Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) to quantify and map relative vulnerability along ~13 km of shoreline in Al Hoceima Bay (northern Morocco). The proposed CVI integrates eight geological and physical indicators, including geomo...

To determine the factors influencing juvenile recruitment of the kelp Eisenia bicyclis, a seven-year monitoring survey was conducted in an area affected by seismic subsidence caused by the 2011 earthquake and subsequent breakwater restoration. Juvenile recruitment was high in September 2011 and in May to June of 2013–2015, but low in 2012, 2016 and 2017. Analysis of the relationship between environmental factors and juvenile r...

The Amazon coastal zone exhibits remarkable habitat diversity and species richness, with nutrient-rich estuaries playing a crucial role in local food webs and supporting fish and other aquatic organisms. To examine the distribution of fish larvae and juveniles in the Taperaçu Estuary and their relationship with environmental variables, monthly sampling was conducted at two fixed stations in 2008. Samples were collected during...

Accurately capturing the Kuroshio’s main axis and its multiscale frontal variations remains challenging due to the constraints of traditional fixed-section extraction methods. Here, we develop an adaptive iterative tracking algorithm utilizing high-resolution reanalysis data (2002–2024) that dynamically adjusts search directions and cross-sections via local velocity vectors, integrated with a dynamic step size and two-dimensio...