The Arabian Peninsula (AP) is experiencing rapid warming and a sharp increase in heat waves (HWs). While previous studies often rely on air temperature thresholds or single‐day heat index exceedances, these metrics may not fully capture the cumulative physiological stress and public health risks associated with multi‐day human‐perceived HWs. This study addresses this gap by employing the percentile‐based wet‐bulb globe tempera...

This study evaluates the spatiotemporal variability of meteorological drought (MD) characteristics in Pakistan on monthly and seasonal scale during 1981–2020 using Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardised Potential Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). The Mann‐Kendall and Sen's slope tests are used to assess the magnitude and trends of MD, while multiple linear regression (MLR) and wavelet coherence (WTC) are used t...

Monsoon and its teleconnection with earth system internal processes affect the spatiotemporal distribution of precipitation and water resources . In this paper, the wavelet coherence analysis has been utilized, a time and frequency domain methodology for comparing the spectral features of two independent time series superior to linear approaches. This technique is used to capture the significant modes of variabilities in the I...

Long‐term precipitation monitoring plays a vital role in water resource management and disaster prevention and mitigation. This study assesses spatial and temporal trends in seasonal and annual precipitation in Pakistan between 1960 and 2016 at an interannual scale. The Mann–Kendall (MK) test, Sen's slope (SS) estimator, and Sequential Mann–Kendall (SQMK) test were employed to assess trends. Cluster analysis and L ‐moment appr...