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Mite domatia — small structures on plant leaves that house mutualistic mites — are widespread across plants yet remain relatively understudied. Here we investigate the chemistry and micromorphology of mite domatia across sympatric species of broadleaf deciduous woody species that have convergently evolved tuft-form mite domatia. Specifically, we test whether domatia display similar micromorphological and chemical properties us...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Priorities, concerns, and potential compromises amongst urban forest stakeholders: international lessons from Aotearoa New ZealandNARA Subscribed
Urban forests provide numerous benefits including habitat for wildlife, improving human health, purifying air and water, and preventing and mitigating the effects of climate change. The need to protect and improve our urban forests will only increase as populations increase and cities densify and expand over time. However, urban forest establishment and maintenance is challenging due to a lack of effective policies, delays, la...
Innovations in the climate assessment development processNARA Subscribed
Climate assessments have long been key scientific inputs that inform the development of productive and impactful climate policy in the United States and around the world. This introduction sets the stage for the suite of papers in the Topical Collection “Advancements in U.S. Climate Assessments.” Inspired and informed by the release of the Fifth National Climate Assessment, the papers within this issue document lessons learned...
“Nature” is a broad term with neither a standard definition nor consistent use, even across federal reports like the National Climate Assessment (NCA). The process of defining complex topics like “nature” is difficult given the broad range in people’s understandings of and relationships with the natural world. To support the development of future nature assessments and NCAs, we analyzed use of nature-related words and themes o...
Navigating complex waters: Designing a process for the development of the National Climate AssessmentNARA Subscribed
Scientific assessments are tools used to look across a broad body of knowledge and draw overarching conclusions about the state of the science. They allow experts to synthesize technical knowledge and develop broad understanding of observed and future trends, risks, and opportunities. The National Climate Assessment (NCA), a major climate report of the United States (U.S.) Government, is one such assessment report. The NCA was...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2023 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Artificial reefs can play an important role in marine fisheries management by supplementing or enhancing natural habitats. Despite their increased use in recent years, the choice of structures used at artificial reefs remains largely haphazard due to the lack of information on reef structure performance. Few studies have examined the use of different artificial reef structures by individual fish. From 2021-2022, we acousticall...
Systematic surveys of the distribution of epibenthic megafaunal species relative to one another and to environmental variables in the deep sea can lead to inferences and testable hypotheses regarding factors that influence their distributions. Here we use a seascape approach to provide insight into the character and spatial extent of the influence of a chemosynthetic seep on the distribution of epibenthic megafauna and the nat...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2022 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Epiphytic microalgae are important contributors to the carbon and nutrient cycles yet are often overlooked during ecological surveys. In reef habitats, epiphytes are often found living on host organisms, including seaweeds or corals, and can influence community composition of higher trophic level taxa. Hence, understanding how epiphytes respond to different reef substrate materials can help inform designs of substrates intenti...
Installations of artificial structures in coastal oceans create de facto habitat for marine life. These structures encompass wide varieties of physical characteristics, reflecting their multiple, diverse purposes and creating a need to understand which characteristics maximize fish habitat. Here, we test how physical characteristics – horizontal area, vertical relief, and spatial isolation – relate to fish density from echosou...
With increasing human uses of the ocean, existing seascapes containing natural habitats, such as biogenic reefs or plant-dominated systems, are supplemented by novel, human-made habitats ranging from artificial reefs to energy extraction infrastructure and shoreline installments. Despite the mixture of natural and artificial habitats across seascapes, the distribution and extent of these two types of structured habitats are no...
Fish often aggregate to spawn, feed, rest, or avoid predation. Direct observations of very high counts of large‐bodied grouper on deep shipwrecks, however, do not fit into typical descriptions of spawning‐, resource‐, or predation‐driven aggregations. To investigate whether these observations are rare or part of an underlying pattern, we synthesized four decades (1979–2019) of direct observations of groupers on deep‐water (50–...
Spatial interactions between consecutive manual responsesNARA Subscribed