Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei (EHP) is an obligate intracellular microsporidian that causes severe growth retardation in Penaeus vannamei (P. vannamei ), yet its pathogenic mechanisms remain incompletely clear. As the spore wall is essential for resisting environmental stress and mediating host invasion, characterising its protein components is critical for elucidating EHP biology. In this study, we identified and cloned a nov...

The accurate prediction of wave attenuation across floating breakwaters is essential for coastal structure design and nearshore aquaculture safety. This study employs Physical Symbolic Optimization (PhySO) to model the transmission of significant wave height (H s ) and maximum wave height (H max ) behind a floating breakwater in Lianjiang, Fujian Province. Using in-situ wave data including incident wave height, period, and dir...

This study aims to explore the resistance mechanism of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) to heat stress (HS). Grass carp were cultured at 28°C, and then exposed to 30°C, 32°C or 34°C with a heating rate of 1°C/d, respectively. The results show that serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly increased after HS. In contrast, liver total...