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Regional oceanographic controls on water column nitrogen fixation in northern Australian watersOA Marine
Large blooms of the diazotrophic cyanobacteria, Trichodesmium , have been reported along the north coast of Australia and are readily evident in remote sensing images. During a research cruise in November 1999, we sampled from Townsville to Broome, examined Trichodesmium population densities and their rates of carbon and N 2 fixation alongside microscopy-based cell counts of them and other cyanobacterial diazotrophs. Additiona...
The morphological concept of the purportedly rare eastern Nearctic stonefly species Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) is redefined following examination of type material and integrated morphological-molecular phylogenetic analyses using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene sequence data. These analyses included L. alexanderi Hanson, 1941, a species with an overlapping geographic distribution...
Adaptive area-wide management for suppressing spruce budworm outbreaks: effectiveness of the early intervention strategyNARA Subscribed
In eastern North America, two main insecticide-based strategies are used to manage spruce budworm ( Choristoneura fumiferana ) outbreaks. The traditional ‘Foliage Protection Strategy’ (FPS) focuses on temporarily reducing defoliation and tree mortality in high-value stands, allowing outbreaks to progress naturally in surrounding areas. The ‘Early Intervention Strategy’ (EIS) is an adaptive, area-wide management approach that t...
Calibration of the species threat abatement and restoration metric's threat abatement component in a Costa Rican landscapeNARA Subscribed
Achieving global conservation policy goals requires the ability to set and measure progress toward science‐based targets for biodiversity. The species threat abatement and restoration (STAR) metric was developed to enable actors to set science‐based targets for species. STAR scores quantify the potential contribution of actions to abate threats and restore habitat to reduce species extinction risk in a particular place and can...
Seaweed aquaculture is an expanding industry with potential to benefit the climate, food security, and local economies. However, as the industry expands, there is a need to assess potential negative ecological effects and ensure they are properly mitigated. In this report, we examine the state of knowledge on potential negative ecological effects of seaweed aquaculture, drawing from peer-reviewed literature and global regulato...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Accessing crop genetic diversity via pangenomicsNARA Subscribed
With the increasing accuracy and decreasing cost of sequencing technology, the extent of structural variation (SV) and its importance in crop species has become increasingly evident. SVs such as insertions, deletions, and inversions have been associated with genetic variation of agronomically important traits and the diversification of crop species. Pangenomes aim to capture the genetic diversity of a species, population or ge...
Addressing urgent conservation issues, such as the drastic declines of North American migratory birds, requires creative, evidence‐based, efficient, and collaborative approaches. The abundance of over 50% of monitored North American shorebird populations has declined by over 50% since 1980. To address these declines, we developed a partnership of scientists and practitioners called the Shorebird Science and Conservation Collec...
Connectivity is a multifaceted concept that has important implications for the management and conservation of marine and freshwater fishes. We developed a conceptual framework that encompasses multiple, interrelated categories of connectedness, including landscape (e.g., structural, functional) connectivity and ecological (e.g., trophic, genetic, demographic) connectivity, that together shape the flow of organisms, energy and...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Acute nutritional ketosis during early recovery from aerobic exercise does not affect skeletal muscle transcriptomic response in humansNARA Subscribed
Purpose Nutritional ketosis is purported to enhance skeletal muscle recovery and adaptation to exercise, yet precise adaptive mechanisms are unknown. We investigated the post-exercise molecular response to ketone monoesters (KME) in skeletal muscle by characterising the early transcriptomic response. Methods Following a randomised, double-blind, crossover design, recreationally active men (n = 9, age: 26 ± 5 (means ± SD) y; V̇...
Metabolic cost of external work: a novel CPET parameter optimises characterisation of exercise performance in obese individualsNARA Subscribed
Purpose Both obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness are crucial determinants of symptoms and prognosis. However, interpreting the gold-standard cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is complicated by increasing body size and varying body composition. We hypothesised that the ‘metabolic cost of external work’ (or oxygen uptake (ml/min)/workload (Watts); V̇O 2 /W), a body weight-independent determinant of endurance capacity, would...
Algal Symbionts Indicate Heatwave Vulnerability in Corals From Hotspots but Not From Thermal RefugiaNARA Subscribed
Reef‐building corals face continued declines due to climate change‐amplified marine heatwaves. In addition to affecting coral heat tolerance, corals' algal endosymbionts (family Symbiodiniaceae) can reflect their prior heatwave exposure, although understanding is often limited to heatwave‐induced shifts between symbiont genera. Here, we used ITS2 metabarcoding to characterise Symbiodiniaceae assemblages in 293 individuals of t...