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Northern Bobwhite roost site selection influences survival during the non-breeding seasonNARA Subscribed
A key assumption of the ideal free distribution theory is that animals select resources based on environmental cues that maximize fitness, thereby facilitating natural selection within a population. Habitat management and conservation practices are commonly based on results of resource selection models with the assumption that selection and fitness are correlated. This is concerning given that this critical assumption has been...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Background While overall colorectal cancer (CRC) rates have declined in the United States (U.S.), early-onset CRC (EO-CRC), diagnosed before age 50, has increased. Rural U.S. residents face higher CRC incidence than non-rural counterparts. We aimed to examine the relationship between age at diagnosis and EO-CRC outcomes and whether rurality modify these associations. Methods We analyzed data from 835,907 patients aged 20–79 ye...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Dimethylsulfoniopropionate and marine microbial associations along an Antarctic glacial–open ocean interfaceNARA Subscribed
Antarctica is a seasonally active region for marine organic sulfur cycling and ocean‐atmospheric sulfur fluxes. Organic sulfur compounds, such as dimethylsulfoniopropionate and dimethylsulfide, produced by microbes are key chemical currencies in interspecies interactions, which in turn, underpin marine sulfur dynamics. This study examined Antarctic phytoplankton‐bacteria associations and their influence on marine sulfur cyclin...
Continental‐Scale Shift in Foraging Habitat Use by a Highly Nomadic Species Following Australia's Black Summer MegafiresNARA Subscribed
Extreme ecological disturbances, such as floods, droughts, heatwaves, and wildfires, have increased in frequency and intensity under anthropogenic climate change, and this is projected to continue in the coming decades. The responses of nomadic species to these events are largely unknown. The Australian 2019/2020 ‘Black Summer’ megafires burnt a substantial proportion of the range of the highly nomadic grey‐headed flying‐fox (...
Priorities, concerns, and potential compromises amongst urban forest stakeholders: international lessons from Aotearoa New ZealandNARA Subscribed
Urban forests provide numerous benefits including habitat for wildlife, improving human health, purifying air and water, and preventing and mitigating the effects of climate change. The need to protect and improve our urban forests will only increase as populations increase and cities densify and expand over time. However, urban forest establishment and maintenance is challenging due to a lack of effective policies, delays, la...
Innovation in apatite Lu-Hf geochronology opens new opportunity for copper systems in southern Australia during the Nuna destructionNARA Subscribed
Precambrian iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) systems have commonly experienced multiple mineralising and tectonothermal events and identifying their timing and geodynamic framework is challenging. World-class IOCG deposits in the Olympic Cu-Au Province, South Australia, are dominated by hematite and formed in the upper crust, while the magnetite-dominated Cu deposits hosted in granulite facies rocks are considered to represent th...
Aim The urgency for remote, reliable and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), which can track life underwater and on land. However, we lack a unified methodology to report this sampling effort and a comprehensive overview of PAM coverage to gauge its potential as a global research and monitoring tool. To address this...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Climate‐driven shifts in herbivores, temperature, and nutrient runoff threaten coastal ecosystem resilience. However, ecological resilience, particularly for foundation species, remains poorly understood due to the scarcity of field experiments conducted across appropriate spatial and temporal scales that investigate multiple stressors. This study evaluates the resilience of a widespread tropical marine plant (turtlegrass) to...
A Functional Response in Resource Selection Links Multiscale Responses of a Large Carnivore to Human Mortality RiskNARA Subscribed
Theory suggests that animals make hierarchical, multiscale resource selection decisions to address the hierarchy of factors limiting their fitness. Ecologists have developed tools to link population‐level resource selection across scales; yet, theoretical expectations about the relationship between coarse‐ and fine‐scale selection decisions at the individual level remain elusive despite their importance to fitness. With GPS‐te...
Changes in temperature and precipitation are already influencing US forests and that will continue in the future even as we mitigate climate change. Using spatiotemporally matched data for mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP), we used simulated annealing to estimate critical thresholds for changes in the growth and survival of roughly 150 tree species (153 spp. for growth, 159 spp. for survival) ac...
Electrotrawling can improve the sustainability of the bottom trawl fishery for sole: a review of the evidenceNARA Subscribed
Between 2009 and 2021 almost the complete beam trawl fleet of the Netherlands switched from conventional beam trawls (BT) to pulse trawls (PT) using electrical stimulation to catch sole, Solea solea . Electric fishing, being banned in the EU in 1988, was made possible in 2006 under a derogation. Over the years stakeholders expressed concern about ecosystem effects. Here we review the research conducted. PT improved the selecti...