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Although caudal spines are present in most Myliobatiformes species, their biology and ecological function, beyond self-defense, are still poorly understood. Novel information on the development and replacement of the species’ caudal spines was obtained herein by examining the caudal spines of 63 Gymnura altavela specimens. Our data suggest that G. altavela in the southwestern Atlantic undergoes an annual caudal spine replaceme...
Plant-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles from Virola oleifera resin: optimization, characterization and cytotoxicity evaluationNARA Subscribed
Plant-mediated green synthesis has emerged as a sustainable and cost-effective strategy for the production of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this study, gold nanoparticles were synthesized using an aqueous extract of Virola oleifera resin (AuNPs-Vo), and their synthesis parameters were optimized through factorial experimental design, followed by physicochemical characterization and cytotoxicity assessment. Factorial experiment...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic, carcinogenic organic contaminants widely distributed throughout the marine environment, directly affecting marine life and human health. Surveying these compounds in sentinel organisms, such as seabirds, is an effective way to assess environmental quality. In this sense, this research aimed to (i) develop and validate a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical...
Root proliferation and microbial enzyme strategies shape elevated CO₂ effects on wheat rhizosphere priming in farming soilsNARA Subscribed
Aims Elevated atmospheric CO 2 can impact soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling through increased photosynthetic carbon allocation in the rhizosphere, accelerating the decomposition of SOC (rhizosphere priming). How elevated CO 2 modifies priming intensity in different soil types and the associated microbial functional pathways remains poorly understood. Methods Using dual 13 C/ 15 N labelling, this study compared rhizosphere prim...
Southern elephant seals are highly mobile marine predators that can reflect environmental exposure to chemical elements through their diet and foraging ecology. However, information on elemental concentrations in elephant seal feces remains scarce, particularly outside Antarctic regions. In this study, the concentrations of several metals and metalloids, including rarely studied technology-critical elements, were determined in...
Sulfur, e-waste contaminants and sharksNARA Subscribed
Evaluating Plant-Microbe Associations in Response to Environmental Stressors to Enhance Salt Marsh RestorationNARA Subscribed
Despite substantial contributions of ecosystem services, mutualistic plant-microbe associations in wetlands are severely threatened by human activities. Therefore, promoting positive plant-microbe associations underpins coastal wetland restoration, where human stressors and climate change challenge successful outcomes. This study examined how salinity stressors influence plant-microbe relationships, where we hypothesized that...
Urban coastal lagoons are heavily impacted by untreated sewage, industrial effluents and diffuse pollution, heightening ecotoxicological risks. Herein, Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) was employed as a sentinel species concerning metal exposure at the Jacarepaguá Lagoon Complex (JLC), a critical case of ecological degradation under intense anthropogenic pressure in Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil. Samplings were con...
Cetaceans face multiple threats, and pollution has become a major concern for their conservation worldwide. This study assessed metal(loid) concentrations in the tissues of two odontocete species with coastal and oceanic habits, namely Guiana dolphin ( Sotalia guianensis ; n = 11) and the false killer whale ( Pseudorca crassidens ; n = 8), respectively, stranded along the northeastern Brazilian equatorial margin. Silver (Ag),...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...