Introduction Shippers may undeclare maritime dangerous goods as general cargo to avoid the preparation time, documentation burden, and freight premium associated with dangerous goods transportation, creating serious risks for vessel safety, port operations, and the marine environment. This paper examines whether blockchain-enabled documentation can mitigate such undeclaration by improving provenance information and shortening...

Cross-border maritime logistics requires coordination among carriers, ports, customs authorities, and financial institutions, yet existing workflows are often constrained by fragmented regulatory data systems, inefficient dynamic capacity matching, and slow batch-based clearing. This paper proposes B-MARCO, a blockchain-driven multi-national auction and resource optimization framework for cross-border maritime logistics. B-MAR...

Climate change has intensified the frequency and severity of meteorological disasters, posing significant challenges to the resilience and adaptability of port-centric transport networks (PCTNs) and global trade stability. Unlike previous studies that adopt generalised resilience frameworks or treat disaster types uniformly, this study develops a disaster-specific, integrated assessment framework whose novelty lies in coupling...

Trade imbalances and equipment shortages are making it increasingly important to coordinate container slot allocation with empty container repositioning on liner services. This paper develops an integrated bi-objective mixed-integer model for voyage-level slot planning on a fixed cyclic route. The model jointly decides booking acceptance, inter-voyage shipment, and empty repositioning with port-level empty-inventory dynamics a...

Battery-powered automatic guided vehicles (B-AGVs) serve as crucial horizontal transportation equipment in terminals and significantly impact the terminal transportation efficiency. Imbalanced B-AGV availability during terminal peak and off-peak periods is driven by dynamic vessel arrivals. We propose a flexible dual-threshold charging (FDTC) strategy synchronized with vessel dynamics. Unlike the static threshold charging (STC...

Fish gelatin (FG) has garnered significant attention as an alternative to mammalian gelatin, primarily attributed to its distinct advantages. These include the absence of epidemic transmission risks and the lack of religious restrictions, making it a more universally acceptable and safer option. However, its application is limited due to shortcomings such as insufficient gel properties (such as rheological properties, gel stre...